Ecash / Cashu

Overview

eCash (XEC) is a cryptocurrency launched in 2020. eCash has a current supply of 20,093,732,797,580. The last known price of eCash is 0.00000757 USD and is down -5.65 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 142 active market(s) with $3,874,571.65 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at https://e.cash/.

This overview is imported from market-data provider metadata. Project claims should be checked against the linked documentation and on-chain evidence.

Identity

Name: eCash
Symbol: XEC

Names and ticker symbols are not unique. Match the network and contract address against the project's documentation and a block explorer before identifying a token.

Sources and further reading

A provider listing establishes how the asset is catalogued; it does not independently verify project claims or endorse the asset.

Background: electronic cash systems

Ecash was conceived by David Chaum as an anonymous cryptographic electronic money or electronic cash system in 1982. It was realized through his corporation Digicash and used as micropayment system at one US bank from 1995 to 1998.

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1Ecash — Wikipedia, revision 1344457043

Design

Chaum published the idea of anonymous electronic money in a 1983 paper; eCash software on the user's local computer stored money in a digital format, cryptographically signed by a bank. The user could spend the digital money at any shop accepting eCash, without having to open an account with the vendor first, or transmitting credit card numbers. Security was ensured by public key digital signature schemes. The RSA blind signatures achieved unlinkability between withdrawal and spend transactions.

Depending on the payment transactions, one distinguishes between on-line and off-line electronic cash: If the payee has to contact a third party (e.g., the bank or the credit-card company acting as an acquirer) before accepting a payment, the system is called an on-line system. In 1990, Chaum together with Moni Naor proposed the first off-line e-cash system, which was also based on blind signatures.

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History

Chaum started the company DigiCash in 1989 with "ecash" as its trademark. He raised $10 million from David Marquardt and by 1997 Nicholas Negroponte was its chairman. Yet, in the United States, only one bank — the Mark Twain bank in Saint Louis, MO — implemented ecash, testing it as micropayment system; Similar to credit cards, the system was free to purchasers, while merchants paid a transaction fee. After a three-year trial that signed up merely 5,000 customers, the system was dissolved in 1998, one year after the bank had been purchased by Mercantile Bank, a large issuer of credit cards.

David Chaum opined then “As the Web grew, the average level of sophistication of users dropped. It was hard to explain the importance of privacy to them”.

In Europe, with fewer credit cards and more cash transactions, micropayment technologies made more sense. In June 1998, ecash became available through Credit Suisse in Switzerland, was available from Deutsche Bank in Germany, Bank Austria, Sweden's Posten AB, and Den norske Bank of Norway, while in Japan Nomura Research Institute marketed eCash to financial institutions. In Australia, ecash was implemented by St.George Bank and Advance Bank, but transactions were not free to purchasers. In Finland Merita Bank/EUnet made ecash available.

DigiCash went bankrupt in 1998, despite flourishing electronic commerce, but with credit cards as the "currency of choice".

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Ecash — Wikipedia, revision 1344457043 Wikipedia contributors · Chanzo cha rejea · ilifikiwa 2026-10-04
Chaum, David (1983). "Blind Signatures for Untraceable Payments". Advances in Cryptology (PDF). Vol. 82. pp. 199–203. doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0602-4_18. ISBN 978-1-4757-0604-8. hit.bme.hu · Chanzo cha rejea · kiungo kimeletwa 2026-10-04
Berry Schoenmakers (1998). "Basic security of the ecash payment system" (PDF). In Preneel, B.; Rijmen, V. (eds.). Computer Security and Industrial Cryptography: State of the Art and Evolution. Retrieved 30 October 2014. win.tue.nl · Chanzo cha rejea · kiungo kimeletwa 2026-10-04
Chaum, D.; Fiat, A.; Naor, M. (1990). "Untraceable electronic cash" (PDF). In S. Goldwasser (ed.). Advances in Cryptology – CRYPTO '88 Proceedings. New York: Springer-Verlag. pp. 319–327. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-03. Retrieved 2012-10-10. blog.koehntopp.de · Chanzo cha rejea · kiungo kimeletwa 2026-10-04
Pitta, Julie (1 November 1999). "Requiem for a Bright Idea". Forbes. Retrieved 26 October 2014. forbes.com · Chanzo cha rejea · kiungo kimeletwa 2026-10-04
Tim Clark (2 September 1998). "DigiCash loses U.S. toehold". Cnet. news.cnet.com · Chanzo cha rejea · kiungo kimeletwa 2026-10-04
Salonharju, Inkeri. Elektra-projektin loppuraportti (conference). Archived from the original on 2011-07-09. Retrieved 2013-05-18. elektra.helsinki.fi · Chanzo cha rejea · kiungo kimeletwa 2026-10-04

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