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خلاصهٔ پروژه‌ها به انگلیسی نمایش داده می‌شود. دانشنامه را باز کنید تا ببینید ترجمه‌ای موجود است یا نه.
A settlement hub trying to turn application chains into a working economy
Dymension coordinates application-specific rollups called RollApps through its own settlement and liquidity network. DYM serves protocol functions including fees, staking and sequencer bonding. Its history combines ambitious chain-launching tools with recurring questions about sustainable demand, the security of different transfer paths and who should receive community incentives.
Personal computing ambitions, separate execution chains and a difficult recovery.
Elastos combines a UTXO main chain with separate smart-contract and identity sidechains. ELA is its native asset; ESC, the EVM-compatible sidechain, uses chain ID 20. Two distinct July 2026 incidents affected cross-chain reserves and main-chain monetary validation. September notices report resumed services while identifying unfinished reserve recovery and further security review.
A proof-of-work contract chain whose continuity principle also shapes its funding disputes.
Ethereum Classic continues the Ethereum history that rejected the DAO recovery intervention in 2016. It remains a separate proof-of-work smart-contract network with ETC as its native asset. Its 2026 development debate concerns how to modernize execution and fund maintenance without settling the contested question of a protocol treasury.
Ethereum tools, Cosmos connections, and the end of a sovereign chain
Evmos was an independent Cosmos SDK blockchain that connected Ethereum-style applications with interchain services. Its early airdrop, ambitious application marketplace and changing token incentives attracted both builders and outspoken critics. The Cosmos chain registry marked the mainnet as shut down in June 2026, so its surviving software and documentation should be read as a legacy rather than evidence of a functioning network.
A fast DeFi network whose original chain, bridged assets and successor have different histories.
Fantom Opera is an EVM-compatible proof-of-stake network using FTM for fees and staking. Sonic is a separate successor chain, with its own S token and migration arrangements. Opera's history includes DeFi experimentation, a major third-party bridge crisis and disputes over what migration should mean for existing users.
A data network, an XRP-linked beginning, and a continuing argument about who participation should reward.
Flare is an independent smart-contract network with native data protocols and FLR-based fees, staking and governance. Its history includes a disputed change to token distribution, the arrival of FXRP, and a 2026 redesign intended to connect network activity more closely to FLR economics. These developments create capabilities and obligations, not guaranteed investment returns.
Consumer applications, resource-based ownership and the work of rebuilding trust.
Flow is a proof-of-stake layer-one network that divides transaction processing among specialized node roles. FLOW pays network fees and supports staking and storage. Cadence and an integrated EVM share its infrastructure. Its consumer-focused ambitions sit alongside important questions about administrative powers, application risk and the economics of funding the network.
A DeFi community's home chain and its unfinished incentive promises
Fraxtal is the Frax ecosystem's OP Stack network, with a separate data availability system and FRAX, formerly FXS, as its gas asset. Its history connects stablecoin infrastructure, rewards for using blockspace and disputes about token conversion, locked capital and governance accountability. FRAX here is distinct from the legacy dollar stablecoin.
A different execution machine, with participation still being negotiated
Fuel Ignition is an Ethereum connected network built around FuelVM, Sway and a UTXO based transaction model. ETH pays Ignition gas, while FUEL supports a distinct sequencing and staking system. Its history includes an ambitious decentralization roadmap, practical developer participation and documented disputes about access, infrastructure funding and reliability.
Business payments, delegated validators and a return to the existing L1.
Fuse is an EVM-compatible network whose native FUSE pays gas and supports delegated validation. Its mainnet chain ID is 122. The team returned its focus to the existing L1 in 2026 after pursuing an Ember L2 plan. Current staking discussions distinguish implemented inflation reductions from proposed cap enforcement and revenue-funded rewards.
A sharded network whose recovery arguments now meet a token migration.
Harmony developed a sharded proof-of-stake network with ONE as its fee and staking asset. September 2026 migration records define a cutoff and differentiated treatment of wallets, validator stakes and contract balances. They are accounting and eligibility records, not proof that every holder has received replacement assets or that the old applications have migrated.
An appchain where trading, borrowing and treasury politics meet.
Hydration is the Polkadot appchain formerly called HydraDX. It combines automated trading, lending and the HOLLAR stablecoin, with HDX governance and protocol-owned liquidity. Its history includes an expanding product stack, public subsidy disputes and a continuing effort to turn liquidity incentives into durable revenue.
An interoperability pioneer records its history while preparing to retire its original network.
ICON is a distinct blockchain whose native asset is ICX. Its Foundation says staking emissions ended in March 2026 and announces a permanent network shutdown for December 31. The transition moves participants toward SODAX and SODA on Sonic; it does not make ICON, Sonic and those two tokens interchangeable identities.
Game economies, easier wallets and a security model worth reading
Immutable zkEVM, now presented as Immutable Chain, is an EVM network for gaming with IMX as its native currency. Legacy Immutable X was merged into it in early 2026. Current bridge documentation still identifies Axelar messaging and describes ZK proofs as future work, so the network's historical name is not proof that every transaction already inherits Ethereum validity-proof security.
Shared financial infrastructure, a native trading economy and a community negotiating who benefits.
Injective is a proof-of-stake blockchain with native financial modules and a shared order book. INJ pays network fees, backs staking and participates in governance. Its native EVM joined the mainnet in November 2025, allowing Solidity and WebAssembly applications to use a common financial environment.
Kraken's route from exchange accounts into a DeFi rollup.
Ink is an Ethereum OP Stack network introduced by Kraken and launched in December 2024. It uses ETH for gas. Its DeFi applications, proposed INK token integrations and Kraken's separate Ink Points loyalty program require different evidence about control, eligibility and economic rights.
A machine-economy project repeatedly rebuilt its architecture, forcing its community to decide which promises defined its identity.
IOTA began with a distinctive vision for connected devices and a ledger called the Tangle. Its current account must include the May 2025 Rebased migration to a Move-based proof-of-stake network and the 2026 Starfish consensus update. The token retains the IOTA name, but architecture, fees, issuance, and participation have changed. Its history is a record of engineering pivots, institutional ambitions, and arguments over continuity.
Connected machines, physical AI and the difficult work of earning trust after a bridge failure.
IoTeX is an independent blockchain connecting token governance with machine identities and applications using physical data. IOTX pays network fees and supports staking. Its 2026 story includes an Ethereum-side bridge exploit, a coordinated chain restart and a product strategy focused on paying users of physical AI rather than announcements alone.
A sovereign CosmWasm chain testing the possibilities and costs of community control.
Juno is a Cosmos smart-contract network launched in 2021, with JUNO supporting its on-chain economy and governance. Its community-distribution ideals have been tested by contested balance interventions and security incidents. The current documentation emphasizes agents operating under public mandates, while distinguishing live governance tools from prerelease products and unfinished experiments.
Kusama's real-value DeFi experiment, where staking receipts, governance and incentives have separate jobs.
Karura is Acala's sister network on Kusama, designed for financial applications with real assets rather than valueless testing. KAR is its native token; KSM and the LKSM staking receipt have different roles. Later KAR staking and governance incentives changed the original product, while older documentation still needs careful dating.
A DeFi network testing whether concentrated liquidity and shared revenue can retain users.
Katana is an Ethereum layer 2 organized around a concentrated DeFi ecosystem, with ETH gas and a separate KAT incentive token. Its model redirects several revenue sources toward liquidity and rewards, while vKAT holders influence eligible incentive pools. Bridge investments, administrative controls and uncertain demand remain distinct risks behind the project's sustainable-yield ambition.
A shared home for Cosmos modules and Ethereum applications, with a changing financial thesis.
Kava combines Cosmos SDK infrastructure with an Ethereum execution environment. KAVA is its native fee and staking asset. Its history includes lending modules, an EVM launch, native USDT and the January 2024 end of inflationary emissions. The current strategy emphasizes stablecoin liquidity and tokenized finance, while describing AI as continuing investment and development.
A DeFi community that survived Terra, built its own chain and moved again
Kujira built a sovereign Cosmos-based network around trading, lending and public liquidation markets, with KUJI as its native token. Its products and community later moved toward Rujira on THORChain, a different ledger and token arrangement. By August 2026, a THORChain publication reported that the old Kujira chain had shut down after an exploit accelerated its planned retirement.
From custom blockchains to an Ethereum rollup, followed by a planned chain closure.
Lisk moved from its independent blockchain to an OP Stack network on Ethereum. Its team schedules Lisk Chain shutdown for October 31, 2026, reports approved DAO cessation and redirects the business toward finance operations. LSK continues as an Ethereum token; the rollup uses ETH for gas. Application migration to Celo is optional, not an automatic transfer of balances or code.
اول به تعریف نیاز دارید؟ ببینید دانشنامه، سپس با درک مبانی به داستان پروژه‌ها برگردید.
