A numerical identifier included in supported blockchain signatures to distinguish the network on which an authorization is intended to work.

A wallet whose keys stay offline, often on a hardware device or paper backup, used for longer-term storage.

In common Bitcoin usage, inclusion in a block gives one confirmation, and each subsequent block on the accepted chain adds another.

Math that protects confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity. Blockchains rely on hashes and signatures.

Who holds the keys. A custodian can move funds on a client's behalf and takes operational and legal responsibility.