A binary tree of hashes that lets a verifier prove a transaction is in a block without downloading the whole block.

The most widely used EVM browser wallet, built by Consensys.

Maximal extractable value. Profit from choosing the order of transactions in a block, including arb and sandwiches.

Markets in Crypto-Assets, the EU regulation that licenses crypto issuers and service providers and sets rules for stablecoins.

A MiCA category for a crypto-asset that seeks to maintain a stable value by referencing one official currency.

A software company that became a leveraged public proxy for Bitcoin by holding a large BTC treasury.

The midpoint between best bid and ask, a common fair-value reference.

A participant in proof of work that expends energy to find a valid block nonce and collect the reward.

A service that pools and shuffles coins to hide the link between sender and receiver. Heavily sanctioned and prosecuted.

An ordered word-based encoding used in wallet recovery; BIP-39 mnemonics encode entropy and a checksum before a separate step derives the wallet seed.

A privacy coin that hides amounts and addresses with ring signatures and stealth addresses.

A state-licensed business that transmits value for customers. Many U.S. exchanges hold these licenses.

Morpho's permissionless lending-market design in which individual markets have fixed core parameters and separate accounting.

A smoothed average of recent closes, used as a trend filter rather than a forecast.

Multi-party computation custody that splits signing so no single machine holds a full key.

An early dominant Bitcoin exchange that collapsed in 2014 after a massive loss of customer BTC.

A number used once, typically adjusted by miners until a block hash meets the network difficulty target.

Correspondent bank accounts held for cross-border settlement. Crypto ODL tries to reduce pre-funding needs.

A large alleged pyramid scheme marketed as cryptocurrency education and coin, prosecuted across multiple countries.

The number of derivative contracts still outstanding. Rising open interest means new risk is entering.

Client code you can audit. Still verify downloads and reproduce builds when possible.

The largest NFT marketplace by historical volume, a Web2 company on top of on-chain transfers.

Losses from compromised signer devices, fake UI, or social engineering rather than a smart-contract bug. Central to Bybit-era exchange thefts.

An Ethereum scaling ecosystem that develops the OP Stack; OP Mainnet is a particular network built with that stack, and other deployments have their own network configuration.

A scaling system that publishes transaction data and accepts state claims subject to a dispute process, allowing incorrect claims to be challenged before settlement under the protocol's rules.

A system design in which users or wallets can choose between transaction paths that reveal different amounts of information, making privacy depend on both protocol rules and actual usage.

Contracts that give the right, but not the obligation, to buy (call) or sell (put) at a strike price.

A service that brings off-chain data (prices, scores, randomness) onto a chain in a form contracts can read.

A configured update interval that can trigger a price feed report even when the observed price has not crossed its deviation threshold.

A list of resting bids and asks on an exchange. The engine matches incoming orders against that book.

Over-the-counter trading arranged away from a public book, used by large tickets that would move a screen.